Available also in pdf – Download Pdf «Focus our energies on doing our own things well» is a quotation from President Xi Jinping revitalized by the People’s Daily as the United States escalated reciprocal tariffs on Chinese origin goods to ٨٤٪. This quote aptly conveys the prevailing trend in domestic politics over the past year. […]

Available also in pdf – Download Pdf This article analyses China’s foreign policy in 2025 as a phase of global role consolidation, manifested most visibly in the introduction of the Global Governance Initiative but extending well beyond it. Drawing on interactionist Role Theory, the study examines how China articulated, performed, and negotiated its global role […]

Available also in pdf – Download Pdf The year 2025 marked a phase of transition and strategic recalibration on the Korean peninsula, shaped by institutional crisis in the South, political consolidation in the North and shifting regional alignments. In South Korea, the confirmation of President Yoon Suk-yeol’s impeachment in April formally closed the constitutional crisis […]

Available also in pdf – Download Pdf This article analyses the political «turbulence» that defined Japan’s domestic and international landscape throughout 2025. Domestically, the period was characterized by an unprecedented crisis for the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), which, for the first time since 1955, lost its majority in both houses of the National Diet following […]

Available also in pdf – Download Pdf This article analyses political and security developments in Taiwan during the 2024-2025 biennium, focusing on the interaction between domestic political fragmentation, evolving relations with the United States, and the consolidation of Chinese military coercion in the Taiwan Strait. It argues that the transition to divided government produced a […]

Available also in pdf – Download Pdf 2025 marked the year in which Hong Kong’s national security framework was fully operationalized into a new and more stable political-economic equilibrium. Highprofile prosecutions, administrative adjustments and strategic appointments strengthened central oversight and redefined the boundaries of civic space, while economic policy prioritized deeper integration with the Greater […]

Available also in pdf – Download Pdf   The past two years marked a decisive turning point in Philippine politics, as the «UniTeam» alliance between President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. and Vice President Sara Duterte unravelled and exposed two enduring features of the country’s political order: the centrality of elite family politics and the persistent embeddedness of corruption […]

Available also in pdf – Download Pdf Malaysia’s assumption of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) chairmanship in 2025 occurred amid growing domestic pressures on Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim to deliver long-promised reforms. This article examines how the chairmanship functioned simultaneously as an instrument for accumulating political capital and as a magnifier of political […]

Available also in pdf – Download Pdf   Throughout 2025, Indonesia underwent a significant structural shift under the nationalist «Red-and-White» agenda, marking the dissolution of earlier narratives regarding a «proxy» administration. This article analyzes how the executive transition evolved into a model of strictly centralized governance, where power was consolidated through the creation of a new […]

Available also in pdf – Download Pdf Diplomatic activity and the associated calendar of commemorations were exceptionally dense in 2025, particularly regarding the preparations for and subsequent official accession of the country to the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) on 26 October. The ceremony served as a masterful and poignant victory for East Timorese […]

Available also in pdf – Download Pdf The present article analyses the main developments that have taken place in Vietnam in the year 2025 in the areas of domestic politics, economic and trade affairs, and international relations. When it comes to domestic affairs, one figure has dominated the scene: Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV)’s General […]

Available also in pdf – Download Pdf   2025 was a year of both domestic political consolidation and geopolitical tension for Cambodia, marked by two major aspects: an escalating on-and-off conflict with Thailand, and US trade tariff negotiations that spanned the year. These had human as well as political and economic impacts, and while the […]

Available also in pdf – Download Pdf   2025 began in Thailand with the Thaksin Shinawatra-influenced Pheu Thai party leading a coalition government headed by his daughter Paetongtarn. But in June, amidst growing border tensions with Cambodia, revelations of an audio clip between her and Cambodia’s ex-Premier caused the judiciary to temporarily suspend Paetongtarn from […]

Available also in pdf – Download Pdf Throughout 2025, Myanmar remained engulfed in overlapping crises of war, mass displacement, and severe humanitarian need. The 28 March earthquake and the abrupt reduction in US aid further compounded these conditions, reinforcing the view that the country was experiencing a protracted polycrisis, or multiple, simultaneous and interconnected crises […]

Available also in pdf – Download Pdf   This article examines political developments in Bangladesh in 2025, a year dominated by the aftermath of the «Monsoon Revolution». The article analyses differences among political parties regarding the reforms and the timing of parliamentary elections. It investigates the increasing role of Islamist groups in Bangladesh’s politics, noting their […]

Available also in pdf – Download Pdf   This article analyses political and economic developments in India during 2025. The year witnessed the BJP’s political consolidation following the 2024 setbacks, cemented by decisive victories in the Delhi and Bihar state elections. The government projected stability by managing security crises with strategic dexterity. Economically, while headline […]

Available also in pdf – Download Pdf   New Delhi faced multiple complex challenges in 2025. Donald J. Trump’s return to the White House did not deliver an expected fillip to the US-India strategic partnership. Instead, the relationship markedly deteriorated, as the President imposed high tariffs on Indian goods and disregarded longstanding Indian positions concerning […]

Available also in pdf – Download Pdf The most momentous event that happened in Nepal during 2024-2025 was the youth protest and the violence that followed on 8-9 September 2025. The spark for the protest was the government ban on several social media platforms that had denied registering with Nepal’s competent authority. But the undercurrents […]

Available also in pdf – Download Pdf   In 2025, Pakistan faced significant political turmoil alongside enduring security and economic concerns, with foreign relations emerging as a pivotal factor. The 2024 general elections, which brought the Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PML-N) to power under the leadership of Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif, had been marred by the […]

Available also in pdf – Download Pdf   Despite enjoying an absolute majority in the Parliament, overwhelming popular support, and weak opposition, the National People’s Power (NPP) administration’s first year in office was far from smooth. It confronted internal and external challenges that tested both its resolve and capability, as well as exposed the party’s […]

Available also in pdf – Download Pdf The years 2024-2025 marked a pivotal phase for the Islamic Republic of Iran, defined by converging and overlapping internal fragility and external pressures. The death of President Ebrahim Raisi in May 2024 disrupted elite continuity, while low turnout in the subsequent presidential election underscored deepening legitimacy deficits. Meanwhile, […]

Available also in pdf – Download Pdf   The year 2025 marked the consolidation of a conjuncture that expanded Azerbaijan’s capacity for autonomous action within an evolving regional order. Emerging from the interaction between systemic shifts and domestic consolidation, this context enabled Baku to recalibrate its foreign policy posture and reassert its agency across multiple […]