Available also in pdf – Download Pdf This article analyses China’s foreign policy in 2025 as a phase of global role consolidation, manifested most visibly in the introduction of the Global Governance Initiative but extending well beyond it. Drawing on interactionist Role Theory, the study examines how China articulated, performed, and negotiated its global role […]

Available also in pdf – Download Pdf This article analyses the political «turbulence» that defined Japan’s domestic and international landscape throughout 2025. Domestically, the period was characterized by an unprecedented crisis for the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), which, for the first time since 1955, lost its majority in both houses of the National Diet following […]

Available also in pdf – Download Pdf 2025 marked the year in which Hong Kong’s national security framework was fully operationalized into a new and more stable political-economic equilibrium. Highprofile prosecutions, administrative adjustments and strategic appointments strengthened central oversight and redefined the boundaries of civic space, while economic policy prioritized deeper integration with the Greater […]

Available also in pdf – Download Pdf Malaysia’s assumption of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) chairmanship in 2025 occurred amid growing domestic pressures on Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim to deliver long-promised reforms. This article examines how the chairmanship functioned simultaneously as an instrument for accumulating political capital and as a magnifier of political […]

Available also in pdf – Download Pdf Diplomatic activity and the associated calendar of commemorations were exceptionally dense in 2025, particularly regarding the preparations for and subsequent official accession of the country to the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) on 26 October. The ceremony served as a masterful and poignant victory for East Timorese […]

Available also in pdf – Download Pdf   2025 was a year of both domestic political consolidation and geopolitical tension for Cambodia, marked by two major aspects: an escalating on-and-off conflict with Thailand, and US trade tariff negotiations that spanned the year. These had human as well as political and economic impacts, and while the […]

Available also in pdf – Download Pdf Throughout 2025, Myanmar remained engulfed in overlapping crises of war, mass displacement, and severe humanitarian need. The 28 March earthquake and the abrupt reduction in US aid further compounded these conditions, reinforcing the view that the country was experiencing a protracted polycrisis, or multiple, simultaneous and interconnected crises […]

Available also in pdf – Download Pdf   This article analyses political and economic developments in India during 2025. The year witnessed the BJP’s political consolidation following the 2024 setbacks, cemented by decisive victories in the Delhi and Bihar state elections. The government projected stability by managing security crises with strategic dexterity. Economically, while headline […]

Available also in pdf – Download Pdf The most momentous event that happened in Nepal during 2024-2025 was the youth protest and the violence that followed on 8-9 September 2025. The spark for the protest was the government ban on several social media platforms that had denied registering with Nepal’s competent authority. But the undercurrents […]

Available also in pdf – Download Pdf   Despite enjoying an absolute majority in the Parliament, overwhelming popular support, and weak opposition, the National People’s Power (NPP) administration’s first year in office was far from smooth. It confronted internal and external challenges that tested both its resolve and capability, as well as exposed the party’s […]

Available also in pdf – Download Pdf   The year 2025 marked the consolidation of a conjuncture that expanded Azerbaijan’s capacity for autonomous action within an evolving regional order. Emerging from the interaction between systemic shifts and domestic consolidation, this context enabled Baku to recalibrate its foreign policy posture and reassert its agency across multiple […]